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На фото Джордж Крам

Джордж Крам

американский композитор, приверженец «технического расширения» возможностей музыки
Дата рождения:
1929-10-24
Биография

Биография

Учился в музыкальном колледже Чарльстона (закончил его в 1950), затем в Университете Иллинойса и в Мичиганском университете, который закончил в 1959. Много лет преподавал музыку — в колледже в Виргинии, в Университете Колорадо, в Пенсильванском университете, где среди его учеников были Дженнифер Хигдон и Освальдо Голихов. Отошёл от преподавания в 1992.

Его сын Дейвид Крам (1962) — тоже композитор, дочь Энн Крам — актриса и певица.

Творчество

В начале пути испытал сильное влияние А.Веберна, позднее — Бартока и Дебюсси. Музыка Крама тяготеет к сценическим формам представления — но не к сложившимся, "отвердевшим" жанрам театрального спектакля, а к превращению самого процесса создания и извлечения музыки в своеобразное зрелище. Оособенно много работал и продолжает работать над вокальными сочинениями. Его произведения исполняли Д. Де Гаэтани, Кронос-квартет.

Произведения

Оркестровые

  • Gethsemane (1947), for small orchestra
  • Diptych (1955)
  • Variazioni (1959), for large orchestra
  • Echoes of Time and the River (Echoes II) (1967)
  • A Haunted Landscape (1984)

Для голоса, хора и оркестра

  • Star-Child (1977), for soprano, antiphonal children’s voices, male speaking choir, bell ringers, and large orchestra

Камерно-инструментальные

  • Two Duos (1944), for flute and clarinet
  • Four Pieces (1945), for violin and piano
  • Violin Sonata (1949)
  • String Trio (1952)
  • Three Pastoral Pieces (1952), for oboe and piano
  • Viola Sonata (1953)
  • String Quartet (1954)
  • Sonata for Solo Cello (1955)
  • Four Nocturnes (Night Music II) (1964), for violin and piano
  • Eleven Echoes of Autumn (Echoes I) (1966), for violin, alto flute, clarinet, and piano
  • Black Angels (Images I) (1970), for electric string quartet
  • Vox Balaenae (1971), for electric flute, electric cello, and amplified piano
  • Music for a Summer Evening (Makrokosmos III) (1974), for two amplified pianos and percussion (two players)
  • Dream Sequence (Images II) (1976), for violin, cello, piano, percussion (one player), and off-stage glass harmonica (two players)
  • String Trio (1982)
  • Pastoral Drone (1982), for organ
  • An Idyll for the Misbegotten (Images III) (1986), for amplified flute and percussion (three players).
  • Easter Dawning (1991), for carillon
  • Quest (1994), for guitar, soprano saxophone, harp, double bass, and percussion (two players)
  • Mundus Canis (1998), for guitar and percussion

Фортепианные

  • Piano Sonata (1945)
  • Prelude and Toccata (1951)
  • Five Pieces (1962)
  • Makrokosmos, Volume I (1972), for amplified piano
  • Makrokosmos, Volume II (1973), for amplified piano
  • Celestial Mechanics (Makrokosmos IV) (1979), for amplified piano (four hands)
  • A Little Suite for Christmas, A.D. 1979 (1980)
  • Gnomic Variations (1981)
  • Processional (1983)
  • Zeitgeist (1988), for two amplified pianos
  • Eine Kleine Mitternachtmusik (2002)
  • Otherworldly Resonances (2003), for two pianos

Вокальные

  • Four Songs (1945), for voice, clarinet and piano
  • Seven Songs (1946), for voice and piano
  • Three Early Songs (1947), for voice and piano
  • A Cycle of Greek Lyrics (1950), for voice and piano
  • Night Music I (1963), for soprano, piano/celeste, and two percussionists
  • Madrigals, Books I (1965), for soprano, vibraphone, and double bass
  • Madrigals, Books II (1965), for soprano, flute/alto flute/piccolo, and percussion
  • Songs, Drones, and Refrains of Death (1968), for baritone, electric guitar, electric double bass, amplified piano/electric harpsichord, and two percussionists
  • Night of the Four Moons (1969), for alto, alto flute/piccolo, banjo, electric cello, and percussion
  • Madrigals, Books III (1969), for soprano, harp, and percussion
  • Madrigals, Books IV (1969), for soprano, flute/alto flute/piccolo, harp, double bass, and percussion
  • AncientVoicers of Children (1970), for mezzo-soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin, harp, amplified piano (and toy piano), and percussion (three players)
  • Lux Aeterna (1971) for soprano, bass flute/soprano recorder, sitar, and percussion (two players)
  • Apparition (1979), for soprano and amplified piano
  • The Sleeper (1984), for soprano and piano
  • Federico’s Little Songs for Children (1986), for soprano, flute/piccolo/alto flute/bass flute, and harp
  • Unto the Hills (2001), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • A Journey Beyond Time (2003), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • River of Life (2003), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • Winds of Destiny (2004), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook I: The River of Life (2003), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook II: A Journey Beyond Time (2003), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook III: Unto the Hills (2001), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook IV: Winds of Destiny (2004), for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook V: Voices from a Forgotten World (2007), for soprano, baritone, percussion quartet and piano
  • American Songbook VI: Voices from the Morning of the Earth (2008), for soprano, baritone, percussion quartet and piano

Хоровые

  • Alleluja (1948), for unaccompanied chorus

Признание

Лауреат Пулитцеровской премии (1968), Премии Грэмми (2001) и др.

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